球形压力容器

球形压力容器物品为您提供有关该血管特性和压力容器检查的相关点的信息。beplay体育官网电脑

什么是球形压力容器的施工规则？什么是球形船只的服务代码？什么是应用程序？有什么优势？

本文要么为您提供问题的答案，也可以指出您的特定来源。

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What is the Difference Between the Design Formula of a Cylindrical Shell and a Spherical Shell?

在具有相同设计压力的相同设计条件下，设计温度和材料，从内部压力容器中获得的厚度为球形压力容器的一半将是圆柱形压力容器的一半。

圆柱形壳的设计配方是t = pr /（se-0.6p），并且对于球形壳体是t = pr /（2se-0.2p）

当“t”翅t Thickness, “R” the Inside Radius,” S “the Allowable Stress, “P” the Design Pressure and “E” the Joint Efficiency;

例如，如果您的设计压力为250 psi，则在半径20英寸内部。，允许应力20,000 psi和关节效率1。

Your thickness for cylindrical shell will be 0.24 inch. or 6.10 mm, and for the spherical shell, it will be 0.125 inch. or 3.175 mm.

球形压力容器的应用和优点是什么？

When you need to make storage for a great amount of pressurized liquid or gas, meaning you need a big volume, then you need a big pressure vessel, so a spherical shell pressure vessel would be more economical.

As you see above, the thickness is half that for a similar design condition. Also placing a long cylindrical pressure vessel might not be suitable in regards to the regarding plant layout.

球形压力容器的缺点是什么？

Spherical shell pressure vessels are more expensive than cylindrical pressure vessels to fabricate, and this higher price is only justifiable for large vessels.

圆柱形和球形壳压力容器之间的制造方法差异是什么？

Cylindrical shell pressure vessels generally are built in the shop and then transferred to the plant field except for long process towers, which might be built in two pieces and completed in the field by one circumferential weld.

这只是因为促进运输过程。

But spherical shell pressure vessels are assembled in the field. The plates generally are formed in the rolling shop and then carefully transferred to the field for assembly.

焊接后热处理（PWHT）过程有什么区别？

If PWHT is a code or process requirement, the PWHT for cylindrical shell pressure vessels generally are done in the furnace, and if the vessel is too long, it is done in two heating process with a 5 ft. overlap.

But PWHT for spherical shell pressure vessels are done by one or more high velocity burners that are fired into the vessel using the top or bottom manways (or both) as burner entry and exhaust positions.

这是因为使用PWHT炉而无法实现。

What Kinds of Materials are Stored in a Spherical Pressure Vessel?

Most of the LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) and LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) tanks are Spherical Vessels.

丁烷，丙烷，氨，氧气，氢气和氮也储存在球形容器中。

球形壳压力容器的惯用检查要求是什么？beplay体育官网电脑

在职检查要求类似于圆柱beplay体育官网电脑形压力容器的检查要求，并且基于API STD 510标准的要求。

关于在职检查的一些重要观点是：beplay体育官网电脑

需要为船beplay体育官网电脑舶制定检验计划，一般而言，内部检查是强制性要求。

您需要按间隔进行内部检查，不超过剩余寿命的一半，beplay体育官网电脑或者10年，以较少者为准。

您可以使用以下简单公式计算剩余的寿命：

RL = (Tc-Tmin)/CR ;

When Tc is Actual Thickness, and Tmin is Minimum Required Thickness, it is can be obtained by the deduction of nominal thickness from corrosion allowance, aND CR是腐蚀速率。

Example: you have a spherical shell storage vessel with an actual thickness of 1.121 in., and the minimum required thickness is 1.0 and the corrosion rate is 0.005 in./year, so the reaming life will be:

(1.121-1.0)/0.005 = 24.2 years;

So the internal inspection interval will be:

Half-life = 24.2/2 = 12.1, so 10<12.1, then the internal inspection interval will be 10 years.

But in most plants, evacuation of storage vessels is very difficult and costly, so integrity engineers try to find a new technique to replace internal inspection.

API STD 510允许在某些条件下用内部检查替换对流检查。beplay体育官网电脑

这是API 510标准的ON-Stream检查的定义：beplay体育官网电脑

“使用Nbeplay体育官网电脑DE程序从压力容器外部进行的检查，以确定压力边界继续运行的适用性。”

But only you may replace this technique if all of following conditions are met with your vessel:

The general corrosion rate is less than 0.005 inch. per year, remaining life is greater than 10 years, there is no corrosive character in the contents, no questionable condition is observed in the External inspection and the vessel is not subject to SCC cracking.

What is the Best Technique to Use as On-Stream Inspection?

The best technique, which is widely used, is acoustic emission testing. In this technique, the spherical vessel is completely filled by content fluid to maximize stresses.

Meanwhile高度敏感的专有声学传感器连接到血管壁上，以在监测期间检测腐蚀产物的断裂。

嫌疑人区域是确定并定位的。如果嫌疑人显示出高风险问题，那么船只将被疏散用于内部检查和必要的维修。beplay体育官网电脑

球形壳压力容器的修复方法是什么？

There are three sources for repair of a spherical pressure vessel; API STD 510 has provided some repair requirements and instructions.

Based the API 510, only repair organizations are allowed to do repairs, and the definition and condition for being a repair organization has been provided in the API 510.

The other source is the ASME-PCC-2, which provides you detailed instructions and requirements.

另一个来源是NBIC第3部分代码书，类似地提供了要求和指令。

请注意，如果您的球形压力容器是“U”或“U2”冲压的压力容器，则只允许来自NBIC的“R”盖章的修理组织在您的船上进行修复。

在冲压船上有更多详细信息，请评论压力船认证article.