焊接检查程序 /beplay体育官网电脑清单

This article provides you a general welding inspection proceduer.

第1阶段 - 焊接工作之前的焊接检查beplay体育官网电脑

Welding symbols and weld sizes clearly specified in drawing and related documents.
Weld joint designs and dimensions clearly specified in drawings and related documents.
Weld maps identify the welding procedure specification (WPS) to be used for specific weld joints.
Dimensions detailed and potential for distortion addressed.
Welding consumables specified.
正确处理消耗品（如果有的话）。
Base material requirements specified (such as the use of impact tested materials where notch ductility is a requirement in low temperature service).
Mechanical properties and required testing identified.
天气保护和防风要求定义。
预热要求和可接受的预热方法定义。
Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) requirements and acceptable PWHT method defined.
beplay体育官网电脑已定义了检查保留点和NDE要求。
Additional requirements, such as production weld coupons, clearly specified.
Pressure testing requirements, if any, clearly specified
Competency of welding organization to perform welding activities in accordance with codes, standards, and specifications specified
工程师，焊接组织和焊接检查员的角色和职责定义并适合工作。
Independence of the inspection organization from the production organization is clear and demonstrated.
WPS(s) are properly qualified and meet applicable codes, standards and specifications for the work.
工艺评定记录(PQR)是正确的performed and support the WPS(s).
Welder performance qualifications (WPQ) meet requirements for the WPS.
NDE examiners are properly certified for the NDE technique.
NDE procedures are current and accurate.
Calibration of NDE equipment is current.
Welding machine calibration is current
Instruments such as ammeters, voltmeters, contact pyrometers, have current calibrations.
用于焊接消耗品的储存烤箱可自动控制和可见的温度指示。
Heat treatment procedure is available and appropriate
Pressure testing procedures are available and detail test requirements.
PWHT equipment calibration is current.
Pressure testing equipment and gauges calibrated and meet appropriate test requirements.
Material test certifications are available and items properly marked (including back-up ring if used ;).
电极标记，裸机标志标签，电线线轴上的识别等。
填充材料标记可追溯到填充材料认证。
Base metal markings are traceable to a material certification.
记录填充物和碱金属可追溯性信息。
碱金属冲压是低应力，对组件不利。
油漆条纹颜色代码对于构造的材料是正确的。
PMI记录补充了材料可追溯性并确认建筑的材料。
焊接制备表面没有污染物和碱金属缺陷，例如叠加和裂纹。
Preheat, if required, applied for thermal cutting c. Hydrogen bake-out heat treatment, if required, performed to procedure.
Weld joint is free from oxide and sulfide scales, hydrocarbon residue, and any excessive build-up of weld-through primers.
焊接接头类型，斜角，根部和根开口是正确的。
Alignment and mismatch is correct and acceptable.
Dimensions of base materials, filler metal, and weld joint are correct.
管道插座焊缝具有适当的间隙。
Preheat equipment and technique are acceptable.
Preheat coverage and temperature are correct.
如果需要，加热适用于热切割操作。
Preheat, if required, applied to remove moisture
Filler metal type and size are correct per procedure.
Filler metals are being properly handled and stored.
Filler metals are clean and free of contaminants.
Coating on coated electrodes is neither damaged nor wet.
通量适合焊接过程并正确处理。
Inert gases, if required are appropriate for shielding and purging.
气体成分是正确的，并满足任何纯度要求。
屏蔽气体和清除歧管系统会定期放血，以防止空气填充。

第2阶段 - 焊接期间的焊接检查beplay体育官网电脑

Welder is responsible for quality craftsmanship of weldments
焊工符合资格要求
焊工了解工作的焊接程序和要求。
Special training and mock-up weldments performed if required.
Welder understands the inspection hold-points.
Essential variables are being met during welding.
Filler material, fluxes, and inert gas composition/flow rate.
Purge technique, flow rate, O2 analysis, etc.
Rod warmers energized or where rod warmers are not employed, the welder complies with maximum exposure times out of the electrode oven.
Preheating during tack welding and tack welds removed (if required).
Welding technique, weld progression, bead overlap, etc.
Equipment settings such as amps, volts, and wire feed.
预热和间值温度。
Travel speed (key element in heat input).
Heat input (where appropriate).
Mock-up weldment, if required, meets requirements with welder and welding engineer.
Welder displays confidence and adheres to good welding practices.
将焊接焊接到焊缝中的质量是可接受的。
焊接根具有足够的渗透和质量。
可以接受焊缝通行证和任何后排表面之间的清洁。
Additional NDE performed between weld passes and on back-gouged surfaces shows acceptable results.
完成过程中的返工和删除缺陷。
In-process ferrite measurement, if required, is performed and recorded.
Final weld reinforcement and fillet weld size meets work specifications and drawings.

Stage 3 - Welding Inspection Upon Completion Of Welding

Size, length and location of all welds conform to the drawings / specifications / Code.
No welds added without approval.
Dimensional and visual checks of the weld don’t identify welding discontinuities, excessive distortion and poor workmanship.
Temporary attachments and attachment welds removed and blended with base metal.
Discontinuities reviewed against acceptance criteria for defect classification.
PMI of the weld, if required and examiner’s findings indicate they comply with the specification.
Welder stamping/marking of welds confirmed.
Perform field hardness check.
Verify NDE is performed at selected locations and review examiner’s findings.
检查了指定的位置。
Specified frequency of examination.
NDE在最终PWHT之后进行。
每个焊工的工作包含在随机检查techniques.
RT电影质量，IQI放置，IQI可见性等符合标准。
Inspector is in agreement with examiners interpretations and findings.
所有NDE正确执行的文档
验证焊接后热处理以进行手术并产生可接受的结果。
Paint marking and other detrimental contamination removed.
Temporary attachments removed.
加工表面免受氧化的保护。
Equipment internals, such as valve internals, removed to prevent damage.
Equipment supported to prevent distortion.
Thermocouples fastened properly.
Thermocouples adequately monitor the different temperature zones and thickest/thinnest parts in the fabrication.
Temperature monitoring system calibrated.
Local heating bandwidth is adequate.
Insulation applied to the component where required for local heating.
Temperature and hold time is correct.
Heating rate and cooling rate is correct.
热周期完成后可以接受失真。
硬度表明可接受的热处理
验证压力测试是对程序进行的
压力符合测试规范。
Test duration is as-specified.
Metal temperature of component meets minimum and maximum requirements.
压降或衰减是可以接受的。
视觉检查不会揭示缺陷。
对检查档案的最终审核，以识别不准确的信息和不完整的信息。beplay体育官网电脑
质量计划中的所有验证均已正确执行。
Inspection reports are complete, accepted and signed by responsible parties.
Inspection reports, NDE examiners interpretations and findings are accurate.

We as welding inspection company utilize many instruction, procedures, welding inspection forms to check above point precisely that refer to inspection after welding process.

Welding Inspection @ ASME Section IX

以下是ASME第IX部分中的一些重要点，对于任何对修复设备，工艺和电源管道以及地面储罐上方进行焊接检查的焊接检查公司，必须考虑到任何焊接检查公司。beplay体育官网电脑

WPS是一份书面文档，它为焊工或焊接操作员提供指示，以根据规定代码要求制作生产焊接。必须通过焊接检查公司进行检查。beplay体育官网电脑
The PQR documents what occurred during welding the test coupon and the result of testing of the coupon. It must be checked by welding inspection company.
Procedure qualifications give suitability of weld for required mechanical properties (i.e., strength, ductility), while performance qualifications show the ability of the welder to deposit sound weld. This must be checked by welding inspection company.
Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of the result obtained in welding procedure and welder/operator performance qualifications. The records shall be certified by manufacturer or contractor and accessible to the authorized inspector
Tension test gives tensile value, while bend test shows ductility and soundness. Radiography also indicates soundness.
Thus, Procedure Qualification: Tension test + Bend test
绩效资格：弯曲测试或射线照相
如果故障在a）强度> =碱金属SMT或b）强度> = 95％的碱金属SMT的焊接金属时通过抗压测试。这必须由焊接检查公司检查。beplay体育官网电脑
当焊工或焊接操作员通过X射线照相资格时，要检查的最小优惠券的长度应为6英寸，应包括管道的整个焊接圆周
Production test with some condition is acceptable
弯曲测试裂纹在任何方向上不得超过1/8英寸。放射线照相标准比射线照相更严格。
P-numbers represent parent metal classification of similar composition and properties, i.e., similar strength and ductility.
F-number gives similar usability aspects of filler material.
A-number gives similar chem. comp. In“as welded” condition.
Essential variables (EV), if changed require new procedure qualification. Non-essential variables (NEV) may be changed without new procedure qualification. But the procedure must be revised.
Supplementary essential variables (SEV) are considered as (EV) only if there is impact strength requirement. Otherwise, they are “non-essential” variables.
EV and SEV are included in PQR document. EV, SEV, and NEV are included in WPS document.
PQR document gives data used in PQR test and test results, and cannot be revised.
WPS gives parameters to be used in the production job and must be within ranges qualified by the PQR test.
WPS可以在EVS合格的内部修订。NEV始终可以在不影响PQR的有效性的情况下进行修订。
只有在SMAW,看到GTAW、爪子和熔化极气体保护焊-(除了肖t-circuiting) or the combination of them Radiography test can be used for welder performance qualification test, but there is an exception, except P-No.21 through P-No.25 and P-No.51 through P-No.53 and P-No.61 through P-No.62, welder making groove welds P-No.21 through P-No.25 and P-No.51 through P-No.53 metals with GTAW process may also be qualified by radiography.
对于焊工性能资格，当优惠券未能进行视觉考试未能进行时，即时进行了重新测试，焊工应为他失败的每个职位提供两个测试优惠券。如果两项测试优惠券通过视觉检查，则检查者可能会选择机械性的，如果机械测试优惠券beplay体育官网电脑失败，则两种测试优惠券应由焊工制作，两个测试优惠券应通过测试。
For welder performance qualification by radiography for immediate retest, two 6 inch plate and pipe examination shall include two pipes for a total of 12 inch of weld which shall include entire weld circumference
When the welder has not welded with a process during a period of 6 months or more, his qualification for that process shall expire
Article IV should not be read directly, during the study of other articles specifically “welding variables procedures specifications” (QW-252 through 265 ) should refer to a specific paragraph in this article.
For performance, 1G is flat, 2G is horizontal, 3G is vertical, and 4G is the overhead position. Pipe 5G qualifies 1G, 3G, and 4G, but pipe 6G qualifies all positions.